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2017 Vol. 4, No. 6
Published: 2017-12-20
 
1 Progresses of geological and mineral survey project in main metallogenic belts of Northwest China
JI Wenhua, YANG Bo, JIANG Hanbing, FENG Bo
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.01
In order to support the strategic action of prospecting breakthrough and serve reserve base construction of national mineral resources, under the new overall layout of China Geological Survey for 3-level project management systems, Xi'an Geological Survey Center carried out a geological and mineral survey in the main metallogenic belts of Northwest China together with more than 30 institutions including Institute of Mineral Resources(Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences), China Non-Ferrous Metals Resource Geological Survey, the Cores and Samples Center of Land and Resources, and Zhengzhou Institute of Mineral Resources Multipurpose Utilization. Based on the existing achievements, more than 200 mines and mineralized spots were discovered, and more than 70 prospecting target areas were delineated. In addition, batches of prospecting achievements are supported by local funds continually and some of them have been auctioned successfully in the last two years. These effectively attracted some social capital investment, promoted the prospecting breakthrough, deepened the understanding of metallogenic regularity of copper, nickel, gold, graphite and hard rock type uranium deposits, and also supported the construction of large mineral resource bases. We innovated some new technologies such as mapping in orogenic belts and Gobi desert areas, the integration of project achievements, and mapping technology, and realized the coordination between national funds and local capital investment. The platform construction of science and technology and talents cultivation was supported in the meanwhile, and the large project mechanism was realized. This paper focused on the geological and mineral survey of the main metallogenic belts in Northwest China, and described the technical route, main achievements of the project and the future work.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 1-8 [Abstract] ( 527 ) RICH HTML PDF (1690 KB)  ( 451 )
9 Geological characteristics of lacustrine shale oil and gas of Jinhua Formation in Upper Cretaceous in Jinqu Basin
XU Zhenyu, FANG Chaogang, TENG Long, WANG Lingyu
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.02
This paper took the Jinhua Formation of Cretaceous in Jinqu Basin as the research object. According to the regional sedimentary background and the drilling data, the authors analyzed the organic matter abundance, thickness and distribution of dark shales, and studied the geological characteristics of lacustrine shale oil and gas of Jinhua Formation in Upper Cretaceous in Jinqu Basin. The organic matter abundance shows that TOC value is commonly less than 0.5%, belonging to non-source rocks. While the value of a few samples reaches 1.57%, belonging to quality source rocks. The organic-rich layers are mainly sand-rich and mud interbed or mud-rich and sand interbed, and they are multiple productive targets. The northern sag of the basin has a certain exploration potential of shale oil and gas. The dark lacustrine shales in Jinhua Formation are mainly developed in the northwestern Quzhou-Longyou depositional center areas. The developed areas are limited and thickness of shales is 5-100 m. The average porosity of shales is 3.867%, and the average maximum permeability is 0.087 2×10-3μm2, showing that the shales are a typical tight reservoir. The organic-rich layers are taken as a whole for shale oil and gas exploration. And it is an important direction for future terrestrial shale oil and gas exploration that the oil source rocks are the reservoir.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 9-14 [Abstract] ( 523 ) RICH HTML PDF (1448 KB)  ( 500 )
15 Relationship between geological structure and mineralization of mercury-lead-zinc deposit in the Fenghuang area
FU Shengyun, LI Zehong, HE Chunping, ZHENG Zhengfu, TANG Fenpei, DENG Lei, ZHANG Hui, LI Hongjian
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.03
Mercury-lead-zinc deposit is the dominant mineral in Fenghuang area of Hunan Province. Combined with the actual geological data, this paper introduced the basic geological characteristics and types of mercury-lead-zinc deposit. In addition, the tectonic control factors of mineralization were analyzed, and structural ore-controlling regularity was initially proposed. Mineralization types of mercury-lead-zinc deposit in the study area are stratabound superimposed (sedimentary reformation) deposit and mesothermal-epithermal filling of fault fracture zone vein deposit. The structure as the passageway for ore fluids of mercury-lead-zinc deposit is the NNE and NE regional faults (Baojing-Tongren fracture), and the controlled ore structure is the NNE and NE anticlinal core, two wings and the turning parts of anticline and syncline. Besides, the ore-hosting structure is NW small faults, let seam joints, interlayer fracture and fracture zone.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 15-23 [Abstract] ( 508 ) RICH HTML PDF (1963 KB)  ( 619 )
24 Discussion on geological characteristics and genesis of iron deposits in Changzhenggou, Qinghai Province
HAN Minqiang, WANG Yahong, LI Ying
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.04
Changzhenggou iron deposit, an important iron deposit found recently, is located in northern margin of the collision belt of Qaidam block and South Qilian block. In order to find out the deposits characters and genesis, the authors carried out the geological survey of iron deposit by geological means, and the results could provide some reference for the deployments planning of regional geology and mineral resources and mineral exploration. The results show that the main group is Tanjianshan Group with low metamorphic degree and weak epidotization in the study area. In the western part of the Heishanquan and the middle part of Zangyanggou, the strata are lentoid marble with the wide skarn petrification and few skarn-magnetite. The main alteration includes four types of skarn-type magnetite, such as diopside, epidotization, garnet petrification etc. The intrusive rocks are widely developed in the study area, where the outcrops range from basic rocks to acidic rocks. The northern part is dominated by basic intrusive rocks and the rocks transform southwards to acidic (middle) intrusive rocks. The iron deposits are the skarn type iron ore deposits related to the middle acidic intrusive rocks, and the prospecting criteria of lithology, structure, alteration and geophysical prospectin were summarized.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 24-32 [Abstract] ( 412 ) RICH HTML PDF (1409 KB)  ( 474 )
33 Development characteristics and geological significance of the seismites of Chaochuan Formation in Yongkang Basin, Zhejiang Province
ZENG Jianwei, CHEN Rong, CHU Pingli, LIAO Shengbin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.05
Some seismic records were found in marlstone interbeds, including grey and black lake facies marlstone, calcilutite, silt mudstone and siltstone in Chaochuan Formation at the northeastern part of Yongkang Basin. The seismites of varied autochthony are the seismic motion signs in the study area. Typical structures of the seismites included micro-fault, seismic fissure bed, liquefied breccia, liquefied vein, dish structures and liquefied convolute. Through the analysis of seismite and its sequence, and combined with the tectonic background of East Zhejiang, the authors supposed that the earthquake events in the middle and upper Chaochuan Formation could be related with the basin-controlling fault activity during the late period of Early Cretaceous. These represent the regional structural-sedimentary transformation from stable compensation deposition period to uplift-erosion period, and are of isochronous and important significance for the stratigraphic division of terrestrial facies basin.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 33-39 [Abstract] ( 526 ) RICH HTML PDF (1659 KB)  ( 358 )
40 Geological and geochemical characteristics of granitic pegmatite in Guanpo, Henan Province
WANG Panxi, ZHU Likuan, LIU Lu, GUO Jungang, WU Qiujie
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.06
Granitic pegmatite veins outcropped widely and some veins developed rare metal or rare polymetal mineralization in Guanpo of Henan Province, which possess great research value and prospecting potential. The authors researched the features and origins of the granitic pegmatite through field geological survey, petrographic observation and element geochemistry analysis. The results show that granitic pegmatite veins have the characteristics of centralized distribution, relatively stable extension, large scale, completely developed structural belt and complicated mineralogy. The granitic pegmatite veins have high silica content, rich alkali and peraluminous, and they also have low iron, magnesium, calcium and titanium content. They may have good affinity to Huichizi granite in the aspect of origin, and thus the authors speculated that they could be the products of the highly evolved granite. This study further improved the research level of the granitic pegmatite, and provided references for the prospecting of rare metal deposits in the study area.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 40-49 [Abstract] ( 571 ) RICH HTML PDF (2281 KB)  ( 381 )
50 Geochemical characteristics and metallogenic significance of intrusive rocks in Zhuizi Mountain of Weichang County, North Hebei
FAN Yupeng, JIA Zhenghai, WANG Xingyan, WANG Yu
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.07
In the paper, the authors introduced geological, geochemical and lithochemical characteristics of different period intrusions in Zhuizi Mountain of Weichang Country, North Hebei. And the pH, genetic types and enriched differentiation of trace elements were also discussed. Based on the metallogenic relation, material source, the effect of pH on metallogenic fluid and enriched differentiation of trace elements, the authors analyzed the metallogenic advantages of different period intrusions in the study area. The results show that the inner and outer contact zones between intrusions and surrounding rocks and the joint sites of the intrusions and structure are the favorable locations for metallic mineral deposits, such as Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, Cu and Mo.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 50-57 [Abstract] ( 485 ) RICH HTML PDF (1298 KB)  ( 308 )
58 Geochemical characteristics and tectonic setting of Silurian rocks in Zhangjiajie area
LIANG Enyun, LIU Yaorong, ZOU Guangjun, WEI Fanghui, LIU Gengyin, XIONG Miao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.08
Silurian outcrops include Llandovery Series and Wenlock Series in Zhangjiajie area. In the mudstones of Llandovery Series, the contents of different compositions are as follows: the average content of SiO2 is 61.59%, the average value of SiO2/Al2O3 is 3.63, K2O/ Na2O is 4.80, Al2O3/(K2O+Na2O) is 3.49, the average content of ∑REE is 238.58×10-6,the average content of LREE is 213.89×10-6, the average value of LREE/HREE is 8.68, the average content of B is 98.29×10-6,the average value of B/Ga is 3.99 and the average value of Th/U is 5.61. According to the tectonic setting discrimination diagrams,the authors declared that the mudstones source of Llandovery Series is active continental margin, interfused with some continent island arc. And the older source could be passive continental margin. The authors concluded that after the combination of Cathaysia and Yangtze Plate, the new plate continued to extrude northwest and formed many uplifts (Qianzhong and Xuefeng uplifts). With further extrusion, Xuefeng uplift was raised above the sea level, which provided argillaceous sediment for Zhangjiajie area. The extrusion caused the formation of island arc and provided part source.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 58-65 [Abstract] ( 427 ) RICH HTML PDF (1193 KB)  ( 336 )
66 Magnetic and gravity anomaly characteristics of main faults in Rizhao-Lianyungang area
ZHANG Xuanjie, ZHANG Wan, TONG Jing, FAN Ziliang, LI Xiao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.09
In order to meet the requirements of 1:250 000 regional marine geological survey and solve essential geological problems of the onshore-offshore transition zone, based on the compilation of 1:250 000 magnetic and gravity anomaly map, the authors analyzed the magnetic and gravity anomaly characteristics of the main faults in Rizhao-Lianyungang area. According to regional geological materials, the authors discussed the magnetic and gravity anomaly characteristics and geological significances of the main faults, such as Yishui segment of Tanlu fault, Sangxu-Lianyungang fault and Donghai-Ganyu fault. The results show that Changyi-Dadian fault is the main fault of Yishui segment of Tanlu fault. And as the southern boundary of Sulu orogenic belt, Sangxu-Lianyungang fault controls the distribution of basement, strata and magmatic rocks. In addition, Donghai-Ganyu fault cuts Sulu orogenic belt into southern and northern segments. These new geological recognitions have provided important references for the geological research in Rizhao-Lianyungang area.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 66-70 [Abstract] ( 466 ) RICH HTML PDF (1215 KB)  ( 573 )
71 Study on environmental background levels of Quaternary shallow groundwater in Wuhan City
HE Jun, PENG Ke, ZENG Min
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.10
In order to ascertain the environmental background levels of Quaternary shallow groundwater in Wuhan City, based on water quality analysis of 21 groundwater samples collected in 2014, the authors used Grubbs test to reject abnormal data and Shapiro-Wilk method to examine distribution type, and calculated the environmental background levels of K++Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, F-, Cl-, S$O^{2-}_{4}$, HC$O^{-}_{3}$, N$H^{+}_{4}$, TDS and total water hardness. The results show that the distribution type of the main components of groundwater in the study area is dominated by the normal distribution, and the log normal distribution is rare with no skewness distribution. Compared with the background levels of the 1990s in eastern Jianghan Plain, Ca2+ is relatively decreasing, and K+, Na+and Mg2+ are slightly increasing. Except the increased HC$O^{-}_{3}$, the rest of the anions are significantly reduced. The change of chemical components of groundwater is mainly related to the weathering dissolution of rocks in northern mountains and the runoff and redox conditions of the groundwater.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 71-75 [Abstract] ( 501 ) RICH HTML PDF (966 KB)  ( 672 )
76 Research on susceptibility zones and monitoring and early warning of ground collapse in gypsum mining area
LIU Aibin, JING Jiajun, ZHOU Dan, GUAN Zhen, ZHAI Ruwei
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.11
With the increasingly serious problem of ground collapse in gypsum mining area of North Pizhou and in order to carry out the geo-disaster control work, the government made the plan of prevention and management for ground collapse in gypsum mining area in 2016. Through analysis of available data, collapse areas (those found) and field survey in gypsum mining area of North Pizhou, the authors explained the characteristics and hazards of ground collapse in gypsum mine goaf. In addition, they made the susceptibility evaluation of ground collapse using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Based on the results and population density, the authors put forward the method and measures for comprehensive treatment of the mine goaf and monitoring and early warning of ground collapse. This paper would provide some scientific reference for the geo-disaster control work of government and other similar geological areas.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 76-82 [Abstract] ( 455 ) RICH HTML PDF (1251 KB)  ( 401 )
83 Application of magnetic data in the study of geological structure in West Kunlun area
LIN Xiaoxing, WU Yun, ZOU Weilei
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.12
This paper discusses the distribution of fractures in West Kunlun and the contact relation between Tarim Block and Tibetan Plateau by using magnetic data. And the authors concluded that Kogan fracture is not truncated by the NE Kizilto-Koslap fracture, but it prevents the Kizilto-Koslap fracture from extenting to northwest. The authors also discussed the relationship between Tarim Block and Tibetan Plateau by 2.5 D professional inversion software. The results shows that the bidirectional subduction mode is supported by the magnetic data.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 83-88 [Abstract] ( 417 ) RICH HTML PDF (2120 KB)  ( 420 )
89 Application of induced polarization intermediate gradient survey in prospecting for lead-zinc deposit in Dingtou Mountain of Qinglong
YANG Dechuan, WANG Lei, LI Zaiyong
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.06.13
As an old lead-zinc mining area, Dingtou Mountain was detected in detail with geophysical methods of IP intermediate gradient during the package exploration of lead-zinc deposit in Guanziyao-Shuichenghuaga area, Pu'an of Guizhou Province in 2014. After delineation of geophysical anomaly, the authors measured the main abnormal areas through combination of IP sounding and different distance resistivity. In Dingtou Mountain prospecting target areas, through geophysical interpretation and drilling verification, the new lead-zinc ore bodies were found and resource amount increased, which was an apparent exploration effect. In order to study the application of geophysical methods and its effects in this old mining area, the authors discussed how to use the geophysical methods for finding tectonic-controlled lead-zinc ore bodies basedon preliminary achievements. This paper could provide some reference for raising reserves in old mines.
2017 Vol. 4 (6): 89-98 [Abstract] ( 474 ) RICH HTML PDF (1536 KB)  ( 523 )
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