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2018 Vol. 5, No. 6
Published: 2018-12-20
 
1 Progresses and main achievements on the innovation project of deep space and earth observation
GAN Fuping, LIU Rongyuan, GE Daqing, XIAO Chenchao, YAN Bokun, SHANG Kun
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.01
Technological innovation is the first driving force for the development of geological survey. The innovation project of deep space and earth observation (hereinafter referred to as the project) is an important part of “The Plan of Geological Technological Innovation”, which was launched by China Geological Survey. Now, our autonomous earth observation system has some problems, such as systematic and holistic shortage, relatively single type of satellite operational application products and weak data processing ability. In order to solve these problems, the authors carried out a series of work, such as the construction of earth observation data system and application system, the innovation of natural resources and environmental change monitoring system, and the research and development of new earth observation technology. These achievements, acquired by above-mentioned work, have improved the comprehensive ability of deep space and earth observation, and promoted the quantitative level of basic geological survey and geological environment monitoring.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 1-10 [Abstract] ( 520 ) RICH HTML PDF (18066 KB)  ( 399 )
11 Chemical characteristics and isotope analysis of geothermal water in Fuyang area
WANG Xudong, LIU Hai, LIU Guijian
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.02
In order to study the control function of geothermal formation mechanism of in Fuyang area, this paper analyzes the hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal water on the basis of the existing data of exploration wells and geothermal and geological conditions. And the characteristics of vertical and horizontal distribution of geothermal fluids were obtained. The authors also revealed that there was thermal storage in the weathering shells of Archaean Wuhe Group and it had lower total dissolved solids (TDS), which was different from common thermal storage of Neogene Guantao Group and Paleogene Jieshou Group. At the same time, the stable isotope data of atmospheric water and geothermal water indicate that atmospheric water is the main source of geothermal water in the research area and that the high TDS geothermal fluid was formed by the lateral runoff supply and evaporation/concentration of atmospheric water. The geothermal water radio-isotopes were also used to estimate the age of geothermal water. The conceptual model for the formation of geothermal resources was established through the study of geothermal water chemistry, isotope and heat control structure, which could provide some guidance for the development and utilization of geothermal resources in this area.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 11-17 [Abstract] ( 384 ) RICH HTML PDF (8115 KB)  ( 255 )
18 Deep ore prospecting potential analysis of Bamaoshan copper deposit in southern Luzong volcanic basin
CHENG Peisheng, WANG Zhishui
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.03
The Bamaoshan copper deposit, located in the south of Luzhong volcanic basin, is the representative of vein belt altered rock type copper deposit. Previous researches showed that the deep part of this area has the potential for porphyry copper deposits. In order to further clarify the ore-prospecting potential in the deep part of this area, the authors have focused on the main ore-controlling factors of porphyry and hydrothermal copper deposits in this area, including rock masses, fractures, and contact zones. High-precision magnetic methods and controlled source audio magnetotelluric sounding (CSAMT) results were utilized to analyze the distribution, occurrence, deep-seated morphology, and characteristics of the contact zone with surrounding rocks. Base on there researches, through the analogy with the geological and geophysical anomaly characteristics of the Shaxi porphyry copper deposit, the authors pointed out the prospecting direction and favorable prospecting sites in the study area, which could provide some ideas and basis for further prospecting.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 18-23 [Abstract] ( 396 ) RICH HTML PDF (13764 KB)  ( 201 )
24 Geochemical characteristics of fluid inclusions in Lijia copper mine, Zhangjiajie, Northwest Hunan
LIANG Enyun, ZOU Guangjun, PENG Yunyi, XIONG Miao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.04
Northwest Hunan is a famous area producing lead-zinc ore and manganese ore. In order to improve the research on the metallogenic sequence in this area, the authors made some analyses on the intramineral quartz, calcite and barite in Lijia copper mine in Zhangjiajie, which include homogenization temperature, salinity, gas compositions, liquid compositions and oxygen and hydrogen isotope. The results show that the homogenization temperature of the inclusion is from 146 ℃ to 282 ℃, and the salinity of the ore-forming fluid is from 0.71% to 15.86% (NaCl). The gas components of the ore-forming fluid have a little CH4 and H2, and the ions in the inclusion liquid compositions are mainly Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, $SO_{4}^{2-}$ and Cl-. The oxygen isotope (δ18O矿物) value is from 11.6‰ to 17‰, and the hydrogen isotope (δD) value is from -54.7‰ to -76.2‰. By calculation, the metallogenic pressure is from 1.02 MPa to 66.17 MPa, and the metallogenic depth is from 0.1 km to 6.57 km. It can be concluded that the metallogenic hydrothermal solution is a stratabound hot brine, and the metallogenic time is from Sinian Doushantuo period to Silurian Wenloch period.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 24-32 [Abstract] ( 347 ) RICH HTML PDF (9784 KB)  ( 183 )
33 Potentiality assessment of mineral resources from Heiqia to Sanshiliyingfang in West Kunlun area
YANG Chen, WANG Hui, ZHANG Shaopeng, LIAO Youyun, LIU Huan
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.05
According to the 1∶50,000 stream sediments survey, large scale mineral geological mapping, geochemical comprehensive profile and exploratory trench in Heiqia to Sanshiliyingfang areas of West Kunlun, the authors evaluated the prospecting potential based on the geological characteristics of minerals, metallogenic types and prospecting rules in this region.The research indicates that there are three main types of deposits in this area: submarine exhalative-sedimentation (remold) type iron polymetallic ore in Heqia sea, marine sedimentary type of iron ore containing titanium in southern Atake river and stratum-controlled copper gold mine in northern Atake river. Seven metallogenic prediction regions were identified, including one class A, one class B, and five class C areas. The estimated resources were 15.656 9 million tons of iron ore, 0.397 3 million tons of manganese ore, 3.5 thousand tons of copper, 13.3 thousand tons of lead metal, 25.8 thousand tons of zinc and 0.147 6 million tons of titanium. Five prospecting target areas were further delineated, including two class A and three class B target areas. The authors also suggested that priority should be given to the prospecting work of Fe, Pb and Zn in the iron polymetallic mineralization belt of Heiqia in order to further expand the prospecting results. This marine sedimentary type iron ore containing titanium was first discovered in Early Carboniferous group, which is expected to achieve significant prospecting breakthrough.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 33-40 [Abstract] ( 369 ) RICH HTML PDF (7576 KB)  ( 279 )
41 Review of geological survey of the weathered crust at home and abroad
WU Fuqiang, JIANG Zhenyin, ZHOU Shuo
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.06
By collecting, translating and studying a large number of research literature on the weathered crust at home and abroad, the authors have reviewed the research status of the weathered crust, and expounded on the research progress of the red clay in southern China in terms of genesis, age, environment and climate. The progress of geological survey about the weathered crust at home and abroad is introduced in this paper in the form examples. And successful examples of special geomorphic areas at home and abroad in geological, geophysical, geochemical, pedological, remote sensing and drilling aspects are emphasized. The research status of the geological survey about the weathered crust is reviewed from both theoretical and practical aspects in order to serve the 1∶50 000 geological mapping and pilot work about the weathered crust in special geomorphic areas.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 41-47 [Abstract] ( 469 ) RICH HTML PDF (7604 KB)  ( 350 )
48 Main achievements of 1∶200 000 regional geological mapping in B.Khon sheet of Laos
LI Zhenjiang, LIU Shusheng, WU Zhenbo, JING Zhimin, YOU Shuisheng
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.07
1∶200 000 regional geological mapping in B.Khon sheet of Laos is a cooperation project between Chinese and Laotian governments. Methods of regional geological survey and regional geochemical survey were used in this project, the distribution and characteristics of regional strata, rocks, structures and minerals were identified, and a series of achievements and progresses have been made: ① The stratigraphic sequences and tectonic framework of the study area were systematically constructed, and 14 Carboniferous-Neogene lithostratigraphic units and 4 Carboniferous-Permian fusulinid fossil assemblage zones were newly established. ② The period of volcanic rocks in this study area is mainly Carboniferous, Early Permian and Middle Triassic. The Ph. Mokkalangkou deep-seated fault zone is part of the northward extension of the Nan-Uttaradit suture zone, in which the ultrabasic rocks may be the relicts of ophiolites. This achievement is of great significance to the stratigraphic and tectonic division of the study area and adjacent areas. ③ The characteristics and distribution of the structures in the study area are identified, 4 tectonic level and 4 tectonic units were divided, and six stages of tectonic evolution were pointed out. ④ Thirteen new Cu, Pb-Zn and Au mineralization points were found. And 24 integrated geochemical anomalies were selected according to the stream sediment survey. Ore-bearing bed, ore-forming geological background, metallogenic epoch and metallogenic regularity were systematically summarized. Four metallogenic prospecting areas were divided and the potential of superior mineral resources was preliminarily analyzed.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 48-57 [Abstract] ( 435 ) RICH HTML PDF (15915 KB)  ( 515 )
58 Origin discussion of Cenozoic Hannuoba basalts in Shanxi Province
ZHANG Yusheng
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.08
Based on the regional geological survey, 4 volcanic depressions and 7 profiles of Cenozoic Hannuoba basalts in Shanxi Province were investigated in this paper. Tholeiitic basalts appear first at the bottom of volcano cycle and upwards are alkaline basalts. Large ion lithophile elements and light rare earth elements are enriched in the rocks. The eruption time is from early to late, magmatic activity becomes weak, tholeiitic basalts decrease, alkaline basalts increase, rare earth and trace elements of sub-alkaline basalts reduce, and rare earth and trace elements of alkaline basalts increase from east to west. Sub-alkaline basalts have Nb and Ta negative anomaly (channel) or twin peaks type in the primitive-mantle normalized spider diagram, which were identified as island arc basalts, while alkaline basalts havs an uplift trend, which are similar to ocean island basalts (OIB). Hannuoba basalts in Shanxi Province is the result of an union action of plate subduction and mantle plume, with the main cause of mantle plume and the auxiliary cause of plate subduction. The transition from sub-alkaline basalts to alkaline basalts may represent the shift of the main reason from plate subduction to mantle plume. The change from potassium to sodium in alkaline basalts, and the evolution of the sub-alkaline basalts to the iron rich magnesium can respectively reflect the process of mantle plume becoming shallow, and plate subduction becoming deep.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 58-67 [Abstract] ( 358 ) RICH HTML PDF (14428 KB)  ( 277 )
68 Electrical characteristics and tectonic framework of typical karst zone in Yuejiaqiao area of Hunan Province
CAO Chuanghua, XU Dingfang, KANG Fangping, WEN Wufei, YIN Ou, DENG Zhuan
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.09
In order to investigate the current situation of geological disasters in Yue Jiaqiao area in Yiyang City of Hunan Province, the arthors took the typical karst zone here as the research object. The electrical response characteristics of the formation were studied through geophysical methods, such as long-profile high-density electrical method and apparent resistivity combined profile method. A three-dimensional stratigraphic structure model was established by using drilling data and integrated electric survey data. The authors have also revealed the near-surface electrical structure, constructed a three-dimensional stratigraphic framework in this area, delineated the karst range and evaluated the degree of geological disasters. The results show that the integrated electrical prospecting method based on local condition can be useful for quick and effective delineation and evaluation of disaster areas in the karst zones with more water in southern China.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 68-74 [Abstract] ( 415 ) RICH HTML PDF (12113 KB)  ( 367 )
75 Investigation achievements of coastal wetland in western South China
HE Haijun, GAN Huayang, XIA Zhen, WAN Rongsheng, CHEN Taihao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.10
The authors carried out the 1∶100 000 geological survey of coastal wetland and evaluation of ecological environment for the first time in western South China, based on remote sensing, single beam measurement, geological sampling, seawater sampling, drilling, groundwater collection and monitoring. The types and distribution of coastal wetland, topography of coastal waters, sedimentary environmental quality, seawater environmental quality, evolution of ecological geology, and chemical elements of groundwater were comprehensively analyzed and studied. The authors ascertained the types, distribution, ecological environment situation and its main influencing factors of coastal wetland in the study area. The eco-geological environmental quality of the wetland was comprehensively evaluated. The authors built the technical method system of geological survey and the comprehensive evaluation system of eco-geological environment in coastal wetland of South China, and put forward some suggestions for the protection and restoration of coastal wetland. The achievements can provide a demonstration for the follow-up survey of coastal wetland in South China.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 75-82 [Abstract] ( 428 ) RICH HTML PDF (11538 KB)  ( 251 )
83 Landform and engineering characteristics of loess in northern Shaanxi Province
DU Shaoshao, HONG Bo, WANG Li, ZHANG Hangbo, LI Xi’an, WANG Shuaishuai, LIU Zhenshan
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.11
As an energy base, a farming and animal husbandry production base and a tourist base in northern Shaanxi, China, this region becomes more dynamic in engineering activities. However, only limited studies on the local engineering features in northern Shaanxi were carried out. In order to systematically and comprehensively study the geomorphological and engineering properties of the loess layer in northern Shaanxi, a comprehensive analysis of the loess layer in northern Shaanxi was conducted based on field surveys and related survey data. The analysis results show that the strata in the study area can be divided into Holocene aeolian sand, Upper Pleistocene loess, Middle Pleistocene loess, Neogene and Paleogene rocks. And the northern Shaanxi landscape is divided into loess erosion-tectonic accumulation topography, loess modern structure (deformation) landforms, loess depression landforms, and loess erosion landforms. Engineering properties (including collapsibility, permeability, mechanical properties etc.) of loess mass from north to south in northern Shaanxi are quite different due to different depositional ages and occurrence environment. The research of landform and engineering characteristics in this paper not only has a close relationship with engineering geology, hydrology geology and environmental geology, but also has important guiding significance in the construction of ecology, economy, and national defense in the loess area of northern Shaanxi Province.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 83-89 [Abstract] ( 435 ) RICH HTML PDF (5578 KB)  ( 786 )
90 Remote sensing achievements and potential of tourism geological resources in Shandong Province
WANG Xulong, WANG Shijin, LIU Qizhi, ZHANG Zhian, ZHAO Yumei, XUE Weining
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.12
In order to investigate the distribution of tourism geological resources in Shandong Province, Department of Land and Resources of Shandong Province carried out the remote sensing investigation and evaluation of tourism geological resources in Shandong Province from 2012 to 2017. Based on 3D visualization remote sensing image and visual interpretation, with existing geological data and field surveys, the distribution of tourism geological resources in the whole province was obtained, and the database and three-dimensional geographic information system were established. A number of tourism geological resources with development potentical were delineated after comprehensive evaluation. The authors have overviewed and forecast the main tourism geological resources with development potential. Based on the three-dimensional visualization remote sensing images and existing geological data, the tourism geological resources in Shandong Province were outlined. Three provincial geoparks with upgrading potential were selected, including Wulianshan-Jiuxianshan, Yishan and Yishan. Laoshan in Qingdao and Dazhushan-Lingshan in Huangdao district were considered to have the potential to become the national geoparks. Qixingtai in Jinan, Jiulongshan in Laiwu, Yintaishan in Zouping and other geological relics were suggested to apply for provincial geoparks. This project can not only further expand the application range of remote sensing technology, but also provide a scientific basis for improving the geopark level, discovering new geoparks and establishing formulation plans for protection and development.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 90-96 [Abstract] ( 395 ) RICH HTML PDF (4339 KB)  ( 536 )
97 Application of comprehensive geophysical methods on shale gas exploration in West Guizhou
LI Jiabin, QU Niannian
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.06.13
West Guizhou has complicated geological conditions. In order to ascertain the strata distribution and structure conditions, based on the regional gravity data of the study area, the authors deduced the fluctuation of density interface and the distribution of regional faults. And then they used the deduction results of the regional gravity data to inverse magnetotelluric electrical demarcation line and faults. With magnetotelluric electrical demarcation line and faults as reference, they made forward modeling of high-precision gravity measured curve for comprehensive geophysical inference. The research can obtain more detailed and exact information of the strata and structures in the study area, and provide the data and basis for further exploration of shale gas.
2018 Vol. 5 (6): 97-105 [Abstract] ( 390 ) RICH HTML PDF (20817 KB)  ( 210 )
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